Cedar is often a source of confusion when it comes to classifying wood as hardwood or softwood. The terms "hardwood" and "softwood" don't actually refer to the physical hardness of the wood, but rather to the type of tree it comes from. This seemingly simple distinction holds significant implications for the uses and properties of the wood. Let's delve into the details.
What Defines Hardwood vs. Softwood?
The key difference lies in the reproductive structures of the trees:
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Hardwoods: These come from angiosperm trees, which are flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruits (like acorns or nuts). They typically grow slower, resulting in denser wood. Examples include oak, maple, cherry, and mahogany.
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Softwoods: These come from gymnosperm trees, which are cone-bearing trees that produce seeds exposed on the scales of cones. They generally grow faster and produce less dense wood. Examples include pine, fir, spruce, and – you guessed it – cedar.
So, Cedar is a Softwood
Despite its sometimes relatively high density and durability compared to other softwoods, cedar is definitively a softwood. It belongs to the Cupressaceae family, which are cone-bearing evergreen trees. This means its wood structure is characterized by simpler cells, resulting in a generally softer texture than hardwoods.
What are the Characteristics of Cedar?
Cedar is prized for several characteristics that make it a popular choice for various applications:
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Aromatic Scent: Cedar is renowned for its distinctive, pleasant aroma, which is often described as slightly sweet and spicy. This aroma is naturally repellent to insects, making it ideal for closets and chests.
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Durability and Rot Resistance: Certain cedar species, like Western Red Cedar, possess natural resistance to rot and decay, contributing to its longevity when used outdoors.
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Workability: Cedar is relatively easy to work with, making it suitable for carving, turning, and other woodworking projects.
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Appearance: Its beautiful grain patterns and rich reddish-brown tones add aesthetic appeal to various projects, from furniture to siding.
Why the Confusion? Hardness Doesn't Determine the Classification
The terms "hardwood" and "softwood" can be misleading. Some softwoods, such as cedar, can be quite durable and dense, while some hardwoods can be relatively soft. The classification is strictly based on the tree's botanical family, not its physical properties.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What type of cedar is best for outdoor use?
Western Red Cedar is highly regarded for its excellent outdoor durability and resistance to rot and decay, making it a superior choice for exterior applications.
Is cedar good for furniture?
Yes, cedar is a popular choice for furniture, particularly for pieces that benefit from its aromatic scent and resistance to insects. However, it's crucial to consider that cedar's softness may make it more susceptible to dents and scratches compared to harder hardwoods.
Is cedar expensive?
The cost of cedar can vary depending on the species, quality, and availability. Generally, it falls into a mid-range price point compared to other hardwoods and softwoods.
How do I identify different types of cedar?
Identifying cedar species requires careful observation of its grain, color, scent, and growth patterns. Detailed guides and expert consultation can help in accurate identification.
In conclusion, while the terms "hardwood" and "softwood" may sometimes seem counterintuitive, understanding their botanical basis clarifies the classification of cedar. Its unique properties, including its aromatic scent, durability, and workability, contribute to its widespread use in diverse applications.
