A cavity, or dental caries, is a hole in your tooth caused by tooth decay. This decay is the result of acids produced by bacteria feeding on sugar and food particles left on your teeth. While a small cavity might not cause immediate pain, ignoring it can lead to significant problems, including toothaches, infections, and even tooth loss. The good news is that you can take steps to prevent a cavity from worsening and potentially save your tooth. This comprehensive guide will explore the best ways to manage an existing cavity and prevent future ones.
What Happens If a Cavity Isn't Treated?
Before we delve into solutions, it's crucial to understand the potential consequences of neglecting a cavity. As the decay progresses, it penetrates deeper into the tooth's structure:
- Enamel Decay: The initial stage affects the outer layer (enamel). At this point, you might not experience any pain, but discoloration or a rough spot might be noticeable.
- Dentin Decay: As the decay advances, it reaches the dentin, the softer layer beneath the enamel. This stage often brings sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures, sweets, or pressure.
- Pulp Infection: If the decay reaches the pulp (the inner part of the tooth containing nerves and blood vessels), it can cause severe pain, swelling, and infection. This infection can spread to the surrounding tissues, leading to an abscess.
- Tooth Loss: In severe cases, the entire tooth may need to be extracted due to extensive damage and infection.
How to Stop a Cavity From Getting Worse: Practical Steps
The only definitive way to treat a cavity is through professional dental intervention. However, several steps can help slow or stop its progression while you're arranging a dental appointment:
1. Maintaining Excellent Oral Hygiene:
This is paramount. Regular and thorough brushing and flossing are crucial to removing food particles and plaque, the sticky film that harbors cavity-causing bacteria.
- Brush Twice Daily: Use a fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush, brushing for at least two minutes each time.
- Floss Daily: Flossing removes food particles and plaque from between your teeth, areas where your toothbrush can't reach.
- Use Mouthwash (Optional): An antiseptic mouthwash can help further reduce bacteria in your mouth.
2. Limiting Sugary and Acidic Foods and Drinks:
Bacteria thrive on sugar, producing acids that erode tooth enamel. Reducing your intake of sugary foods and drinks, especially between meals, is essential. Acidic foods and drinks can also weaken enamel, making it more susceptible to decay.
3. Using a Fluoride Mouthwash:
Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel, making it more resistant to acid attacks. Your dentist can recommend a fluoride mouthwash appropriate for your needs.
4. Applying Desensitizing Toothpaste:
If you're experiencing sensitivity due to the cavity, a desensitizing toothpaste can help alleviate the discomfort. These toothpastes contain ingredients that block the tubules in your dentin, reducing sensitivity.
5. Avoiding Harmful Habits:
Bruxism (teeth grinding) and nail biting can also contribute to tooth damage and make existing cavities worse. Addressing these habits can be beneficial for overall dental health.
What if I Have a Toothache?
A toothache is often a sign that a cavity has progressed and requires immediate attention. See a dentist as soon as possible. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can provide temporary relief from pain, but they don't address the underlying cause.
Can I Prevent Cavities in the Future?
Preventing future cavities involves a combination of good oral hygiene practices and regular dental checkups:
- Regular Dental Checkups: Professional cleanings and exams help detect cavities early, allowing for prompt treatment before they worsen.
- Dental Sealants: Sealants are protective coatings applied to the chewing surfaces of your molars, preventing bacteria from accumulating and causing decay.
- Fluoride Treatments: Your dentist can apply fluoride treatments to further strengthen your enamel.
What are the Different Types of Cavity Fillings?
Your dentist will determine the best type of filling based on the size and location of the cavity. Common types include amalgam (silver) fillings, composite (tooth-colored) fillings, gold inlays, and porcelain inlays. The choice often depends on factors like cost, durability, and aesthetics.
How Much Does Cavity Treatment Cost?
The cost of cavity treatment varies depending on factors like the size of the cavity, the type of filling used, your location, and your dental insurance coverage. It's best to contact your dentist for an accurate estimate.
By following these steps and maintaining a proactive approach to your oral health, you can significantly reduce the chances of a cavity worsening and protect your smile for years to come. Remember, early intervention is key. Don't hesitate to schedule an appointment with your dentist if you suspect you have a cavity.
